Archive for group theory
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1802 – Abel – bio
Niels Henrik Abel was born in 1802 in Norway and became a mathematician. He tried and failed to find a solution for the quintic equation and then completed Ruffini’s incomplete proof that it could not always be solved using radicals. This is now known as Abel’s impossibility theorem or the Abel–Ruffini theorem. Jacobi and Abel [...]
1765 – Ruffini – bio
Paolo Ruffini was born in Italy in 1765 and was a mathematician. After the cubic equation was solved in 1539 by del Ferro, Tartaglia and Cardano, and Ferrari had solved the quartic equation by 1545, mathematicians turned their attention toward attempting to solve the quintic. The previous polynomial equations (quadratic, cubic and quartic) had all [...]
1887 – E8
In 1887, Willhelm Killing came up with a classification scheme for Lie algebras. The designation E-8 was eventually applied to an exceptional, simple Lie algegra and the associated Lie group of rank 8 and dimension 248. This is one of the most complex objects known to mankind. Mathematicians Map E8 – [aimath.org] Mathematicians have mapped [...]
1882 – Noether – bio
Born in Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany in 1882, Emmy Noether was a mathematician who laid the groundwork for the idea of symmetry in mathematics and physics. She studied the works of Hilbert, Klein and Minkowski and was peer with Hermann Weyl. Noether’s theorem – in 1915, she proved a relationship between symmetries in physics and conservations [...]
1777 – Gauss – bio
“Mathematics is the queen of sciences and number theory the queen of mathematics. She often condescends to render service to astronomy and other natural sciences, but in all relations she is entitled to the first rank.” Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss was born in Braunschweig, Germany in 1777. He made great contributions to mathematics, but was [...]
1872 – Russell – bio
Bertrand Arthur William Russell was born in Trellech, Monmouthshire (Wales), England in 1872.
1906 – Godel – bio
Kurt Godel was born in Austria-Hungary in 1906. He was a mathematician and philosopher and was the most influential logician of his time. Godel is best known for his incompleteness theorems, proved in 1931, that demonstrate inherent limitations in symbolic systems. PRECURSOR: Goethe Newton Kant Liebnitz 1862 – Hilbert CONCURRENT: Einstein Russell Whitehead Heisenberg von [...]
1838 – Jordan – bio
Marie Ennemond Camille Jordan (Camille Jordan) was born in Lyon, France in 1838. PREREQUISITE: Galois Cauchy SUBSEQUENT: Klein Lie
1849 – Klein – bio
Felix Christian Klein was born in Dusseldorf, Germany and was a mathematician. He did work on group theory and non-Euclidian geometry. He wrote a book on the icosahedron and created a 4-dimensional construct that is known as the “klein bottle”. PRECURSOR: Plucker 1826 – Riemann CONCURRENT: 1842 – Lie 1854 – Poincare 1862 – Hilbert [...]
1842 – Lie – bio
Marius Sophus Lie was a Norwegian mathematician born in 1842.
